M'dziko lokonza ma polima, kukwanitsa kumamatira bwino, kusindikiza, ndi kunyowa pamalo apulasitiki omwe si a polar monga polypropylene ndi polyethylene ndizovuta kwambiri. Zipangizozi, zomwe zimakhala zamtengo wapatali chifukwa cha kukana kwa mankhwala komanso zotchinga, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa pakugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafuna zomangira zolimba ndi inki, zokutira, kapena zomatira. Kuti muchepetse kusiyana kwa magwiridwe antchito awa, matekinoloje osintha malo ayamba kukhala ofunikira. Zina mwa izi, chithandizo chamankhwala otulutsa corona ndi njira yodziwikiratu m'mafakitale, yomwe imadziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu zake, -yogwira ntchito bwino, komanso kuti imagwira ntchito mosalekeza.
Mfundo Zasayansi Zakutulutsidwa kwa Corona
Chithandizo cha Corona kwenikweni ndi njira ya plasma pamphamvu yamlengalenga. Imagwira ntchito popanga kutuluka kwa plasma pakati pa-electrode yamagetsi yamphamvu kwambiri ndi choyala chokhazikika, chokhala ndi filimu yapulasitiki kapena gawo lapansi lomwe limadutsa pomwe pali. Magetsi okwera kwambiri (omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala mumtundu wa kHz) amayatsa mpweya wozungulira, kupangitsa kuwala kowoneka bwino kapena kutulutsa kwamiyendo kokhala ndi mitundu yamphamvu. Madzi ozizira a m'madzi a m'magazi amenewa amakhala ndi maelekitironi aulere, ma ion, ma molekyulu a metastable, ndi ma photon a ultraviolet (UV), omwe ali ndi mphamvu yaikulu.
Pamene madzi a m'magazi amphamvuwa asokoneza polima, zinthu zingapo zofunika kwambiri-zimachitika nthawi imodzi. Njira yaikulu ndiyo kuphulika kwa pamwamba ndi -ma elekitironi amphamvu kwambiri ndi ma radiation a UV, omwe amang'amba mpweya wokhazikika{{3}carbon ndi carbon-ma hydrogen bond mu tcheni cha polima. Chomangira ichi chimapanga ma free radicals okhazikika kwambiri pamtunda. Pambuyo pake, ma polima awa-ma free radicals amachita mwachangu ndi mitundu ya oxygen ndi nitrogen (monga atomic oxygen, ozone, ndi nitric oxide) yomwe imapezeka mu plasma ya mpweya. Izi zimabweretsa kuphatikizika kosatha kwa magulu a polar functional{{9}makamaka carbonyl (C=O), carboxyl (COOH), ndi magulu a hydroxyl (OH){11}}pamalo a polima a inert poyamba. Kuyambitsidwa kwa magulu okhala ndi okosijeni{13}ku kumawonjezera kwambiri mphamvu ya pamwamba pa pulasitiki, kuisintha kuchoka ku hydrophobic kupita ku hydrophilic. Mphamvu yowonjezereka ya pamwambayi ndiye chinsinsi cha kunyowa bwino, chomwe ndi chofunikira kuti pamamatire mwamphamvu chifukwa chimalola zakumwa monga inki, zomatira, ndi zokutira kuti zifalikire mofanana ndikupanga kukhudzana kwambiri ndi gawo lapansi.
Ubwino ndi Ntchito Zamakampani
Kufalikira kwa chithandizo cha corona m'mafakitale onse kumabwera chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwaukadaulo ndi chuma. Ubwino wake waukulu ndikutha kuphatikizika mosalekeza, mu-njira popanda kusokoneza katulutsidwe kake, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri{2}}zopanga zambiri monga kusintha mafilimu. Imagwira ntchito movutikira mumlengalenga pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya ngati sing'anga yotakataka, ndikuchotsa kufunikira kwa makina otsekemera okwera mtengo ofunikira ndi matekinoloje ena a plasma. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chipangizochi chikhale chosavuta, cholimba, komanso kuti chikhale chokwera mtengo kwambiri-kutengera ndalama zogulira zinthu komanso zowonongera zoyendetsera ntchito.
Ubwino uwu umapangitsa chithandizo cha corona kupita-kunjira yosinthira mafilimu a polyolefin. Chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri ndi filimu ya biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), chinthu chomwe chimapezeka ponseponse m'mapaketi a chakudya, matepi omatira, ndi -zopaka zolinga. M'malo ake osasamalidwa, BOPP imakhala ndi mphamvu zotsika pamwamba komanso kusanyowa bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yosayenera kusindikiza kapena kuthirira. Chithandizo cha Corona chimayendetsa bwino malo ake, ndikupangitsa-kusindikiza kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kulumikizana kodalirika ndi zomatira. Kupitilira kulongedza, ukadaulo umagwiritsidwanso ntchito posintha ma polima omwe amatha kuwonongeka ngati polylactic acid (PLA). Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chithandizo cha corona chimatha kuyambitsa magulu ogwira ntchito okosijeni pamalo a PLA, omwe samangowonjezera kumamatira komanso amatha kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa ma polima a biodegradation.
Zochepa ndi Complementary Technologies
Ngakhale kulamuliridwa kwake, chithandizo cha corona si njira yapadziko lonse lapansi ndipo chili ndi malire ake. Madzi a m'magazi opangidwa amakhala ocheperako-kuchulukirachulukira kwake ndipo chithandizo chake nthawi zambiri chimakhala chosazama, ndikulowa m'magulu akutali kwambiri (ma nanometer ochepa) azinthuzo. Izi ndizokwanira mafilimu koma zimakhala zolepheretsa -zinthu zowoneka bwino, nsalu, kapena zinthu zokhala ndi ulusi wotayirira. Kuchiza sikungakhale kofanana-pamalo osafanana, ndipo kufunikira kwa mipata yaying'ono kwambiri ya ma elekitirodi (pafupifupi 1 mm) ikhoza kukhala malire othandiza pochiza magawo okhuthala kapena opaka utoto. Kuphatikiza apo, pamalo ochizidwa amatha "kukalamba," pomwe zotsatira zake zimachepa pakapita nthawi chifukwa cha kusamuka kwa zinthu zochepera-zolemera-zolemera zokhala ndi okosijeni kapena kuwongoleranso magulu a polar kukhala polima wochuluka.
Pazinthu zomwe chithandizo cha corona sichikwanira, njira zina zamaukadaulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.Chithandizo chamotondi njira ina yodziwikiratu ya mumlengalenga-ya kupsyinjika. Imagwira ntchito poyatsa pulasitiki pamwamba pamoto wagasi, womwe umatulutsa okosijeni pamtunda kudzera-njira yaulere yofanana ndi chithandizo cha corona, kuyambitsa magulu a polar. Kusamalira malawi kumakhudza kuya pang'ono (4-9 nm) ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakonda kupangidwa ndi zinthu zokhuthala, zowoneka bwino za 3D ngati zigawo zamagalimoto, kapena{8}}mabotolo owumbidwa. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ndiyothandiza komanso yothandizana ndi kutulutsa kwa corona, ndipo zoyendera monga mpweya-kuchuluka kwa gasi komanso nthawi yowonekera ndizofunika kwambiri kuti muwongolere bwino. Kwa mainjiniya olondola komanso apamwamba kwambiri apamtunda,Chithandizo chochepa{{0}chochepa cha plasmaamapereka ulamuliro wapamwamba. Zopangidwa mu chipinda chopumuliramo ndi mpweya wosankhidwa bwino (mwachitsanzo, mpweya, argon), zimapanga plasma yowonjezereka, yofanana kwambiri yomwe imatha kutulutsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zapamtunda ndikusintha mozama popanda kuwononga zinthu zambiri. Ngakhale ndizokwera mtengo komanso zotsatiridwa{4}}ndizofunika kwambiri pa-zogwiritsa ntchito zaukadaulo monga zida zamankhwala.
Mapeto ndi Future Outlook
Chithandizo cha Corona discharge ndichofunika kwambiri, -chopangidwa ndi sayansi chomwe chathandizira kukula kwa mafakitale apulasitiki ndi zolongedza kwazaka zambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kokongola kwa plasma physics kuti athetse zovuta zomatira ndi umboni wa uinjiniya wabwino. Posintha kwambiri chemistry ya mapulasitiki poyambitsa magulu a polar functional, zimathandiza kuti ntchito zamakono zitheke. Ngakhale ili ndi malire pamitundu ina ndi zida, ntchito yake ndi yotetezeka chifukwa cha mtengo wake wosayerekezeka-chiŵerengero cha liwiro la chithandizo cha filimu. Tsogolo la kusintha kwapamwamba silinakhale pa kuchotsedwa kwa mankhwala a corona, koma m'kuphatikiza kwake mwanzeru ndi matekinoloje ena monga lawi ndi low{6}}presure plasma.